Uplistsikhe translates directly to "lord's fortress." Uplistsikhe is the oldest cave-town in Georgia, located about 15 kilometres from Gori on the Mtkvari River.

During early history, the Uplistsikhe cave-town covered a large area, almost 10 hectares. The central part, which is the still remaining part, was home to the wealthier residents. There is a rock cut gateway leading to the cave-town that is dated to the 4th century BC, making it one of the oldest monuments in the Caucasus. Uplistsikhe was a prosperous cave-town as it was strategically located high on the riverbank for protection (there was a tunnel leading to the river, allowing access to water even during times of siege) and on the Silk Road trading route.

The grape vine is of cult significance in Georgia. It is belived to be the tree of life and the symbol of having plenty. Wine was seen as a potent tonic that could even ward off death. Many 800-900 liter wine storage vessles have been found here in Uplistsikhe.